Revelando o Impacto na Saúde Pública de Alternaria alternata associada a Animais de Companhia no Nordeste de Portugal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712412025109Palavras-chave:
Alternaria spp., cães, gatos, ocorrência, PortugalResumo
O género Alternaria é amplamente reconhecido como um conjunto de patógenos vegetais responsáveis por várias doenças importantes em plantas, podendo também representar alergénios prevalentes em animais e seres humanos. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a ocorrência de Alternaria spp. em cães e gatos no Norte de Portugal. Amostras de pelagem foram recolhidas utilizando a técnica de Mackenzie e inoculadas em SDA e PDA, sendo a identificação microscópica realizada através de chaves dicotómicas. No total, foram estudados 286 (83,9%) cães e 55 (16,1%) gatos. Das amostras, 45,0% (n = 157) eram provenientes de abrigos e 54,0% (n = 184) de Centros de Atendimento Médico-Veterinário (CAMV). Das amostras recolhidas dos 341 animais, em 303 foi possível isolar fungos. Alternaria alternata foi isolada em 23,75% dos animais estudados, com uma prevalência de 22,38% em cães e 30,91% em gatos. As amostras positivas foram analisadas de acordo com o sexo, espécie, idade, origem e sinais clínicos. Relativamente à origem, o valor de prevalência mais baixo (17,8%) foi observado em animais de abrigos, enquanto o valor mais elevado (28,8%) foi identificado em CAMV, sendo estas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p < 0,000). Indivíduos jovens, idosos, grávidas ou imunocomprometidos (YOPI) apresentam um risco elevado, dado o potencial significativo de exposição a A. alternata através do contacto com animais de companhia, representando assim uma base para a transmissão.
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