Identification of Metal Content in Arabica Coffee Plants (Coffea arabica), Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora ) and Liberica Coffee (Coffea liberica) Based on Differences in Growing Places
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/22381171e27170Keywords:
Arabica coffee, Liberica coffee, Metal Identification, Profile sensory and robusta coffeeAbstract
There have been many cases of poisoning when consuming coffee. One possible factor is the presence of metal content that exceeds the standard limit in the coffee. Plant metals enter through root absorption by carrying metals around the roots. The metals are then translocated to other plant organs (stems, leaves, and fruit) through xylem and phloem, where they are processed and consumed by humans. So, it is necessary to identify metals in Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica coffee plants, which are generally known in Indonesia, such as Jambi Province. Identification of metals in coffee was carried out using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine the metal content in plants and coffee grounds, then morphological analysis was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, identification of bioactive compounds using the Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) method was conducted on coffee grounds to determine the components of its bioactive compounds. The study results showed Fe, Si, Ca and K metal contents in Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica coffee plants. The three types of coffee plants show that in the soil there is a content of Fe > Si > Ca > K, in the stem part K > Ca > Fe, followed by the leaf part having a metal content of Ca > K > Fe, and the seed part is known to have K > Ca > Fe. After roasting coffee beans, the metal content increases due to the high temperature, resulting in the formation of new compounds.
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